Structure and operation of fire alarm systems

Fire alarm system is a system consisting of a set of equipment is responsible for detecting and warning when a fire occurs. The discovery of fire signals may be performed automatically by the device or by humans, and necessarily continuous operation in 24/24 hours.

I. THE COMPOSITION OF AN AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
A fire alarm system will typically have three components as follows:
1 Center for Fire Alarm
Chest type design, the device includes: a control mainboard, the module, a transformer, a battery.

2 Input Device
- Alarm: smoke detectors, heat detectors, gas alarm, fire alarm ...
- Emergency switch (emergency button).
3 Output Devices
- Table showing parts (keyboard).
- Alarms, sirens.
- Lights alarms, exit lights.
- The automatic telephone dialing.

II. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
Operating procedures of fire alarm system is a closed process. When the phenomenon of combustion (such as a sudden increase in temperature, the presence of smoke or sparks) and input devices (alarms, emergency contacts) to receive and transmit signal information incidents the fire. At this center will process the information received, locate where the fire occurred (through the zone or address) and information transfer to the output device (display side tables, bells, whistles, lamp), the device will sound signal, light getting to know everyone's going the areas of fire and handled promptly.
III. FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS CATEGORY
• Fire alarm system using two different types of voltage: 12V and 24V.
Theoretically both of which are technical features and utilities alike. But, compared to the fire alarm system, the fire alarm system 24V 12V non-professional, 12V center mainly used in the burglary alarm system, outside the system also required programming keyboard. While fire alarm systems 24v is a professional fire alarm systems, signaling the ability to go beyond, and are not required to have programming keyboard. However, the processing center fire alarm system 12V (eg Networx center) which is less than the processing center fire alarm system 24V (for example Mircom center, ...)
• In addition, the fire alarm system is divided into two main systems, including:

1.He conventional fire alarm:
With simple features, low price, conventional fire alarm system is easily installed only in companies with medium or small area (a few thousand m2), the number of departments are not many (several dozen rooms ); installation for the home, small workshops ... The equipment in the system are connected in series with each other and connected in series with the fire, so the center of the incident can only get an overview and display all the area (zone) monitoring system (not to know the exact location of each detector, each fire location). This limits the processing capability of the supervisory staff.

2.He addressable fire alarm:
With high-tech features, addressable fire alarm system for installation at the company premises using large (several tens of thousands of m2), is divided into several independent regions, departments within each separate areas together. Each device in the system is dissipated directly into the fire control center receives signals help fire occurrence in each region, each location clearly and accurately. Since then the center can get information incident in detail and is shown on the display panel to assist staff can monitor troubleshooting quickly.