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Hypertension is no longer an adult disease that children can also. The rate of children with obesity, inactivity increases, causing high blood pressure (THA) in children also increases.

Why do children have high blood pressure?

Causes of high blood pressure in children are many, from acute causes of hypertension such as problems related to the kidneys, blood vessels, drugs and food to chronic or prolonged hypertension causes such as stenosis , chronic renal failure, renal tissue mastery, renal vascular disease, kidney tumors ... Risk factors leading to primary hypertension in children include: congenital hypertension due to inherited or family history, being overweight, obese, type 2 diabetes and elevated cholesterol or triglycerides. Finding the cause is very important for diagnosing hypertension in children.

Parents should keep in mind the need to monitor blood pressure in children including: a history of premature birth, very low weight, or complications in the neonatal period needing active resuscitation; children with congenital heart disease who have had surgery or not; recurrent urinary tract infections, hematuria or recurrent urinary tract infections; kidney disease or urinary tract malformations; family history of congenital kidney disease; solid organ transplant children (liver, kidney ...); malignancy or marrow transplantation; children taking drugs at risk of hypertension; children with other systemic diseases related to hypertension (such as multiple neural fibroids); there is evidence of increased intracranial pressure.

Index of blood pressure in children.

How to determine hypertension in children

Unlike determining hypertension in adults, there is no specific definition of normal blood pressure in children based on systolic blood pressure readings over diastolic blood pressure alone. In children, blood pressure readings are considered normal depending on the child's age, sex and height. Usually, a child's blood pressure is lower than that of an adult's normal blood pressure. If the child's blood pressure is high in all 3 consecutive exams, it is necessary to conduct more tests to accurately check the baby has hypertension or other medical conditions. Urine tests, blood tests, and kidney ultrasound may be needed to help determine the cause of high blood pressure in your baby.

Children with high blood pressure do not have any symptoms at first. In some cases there are manifestations of headache, dizziness, vomiting, flushing, nervousness, sweating, palpitations, convulsions, vision loss, fatigue, edema ... In adults, hypertension in children is also a "silent killer disease", because it rarely manifests clearly, causing sudden and dangerous complications. If a child has long-term hypertension that is not detected early and treatment will cause many serious consequences.

Cardiovascular complications associated with hypertension in children include: cardiac hypertrophy (left ventricular hypertrophy) can progress to heart failure, damage to blood vessels, damage to the retina of the eye, and neurological complications. Children and adolescents with high blood pressure can continue to develop high blood pressure in adulthood if left untreated, while at an increased risk of diseases such as stroke, heart attack, heart failure and kidney disease.

Diagnosis of children with hypertension must be measured by doctors using equipment specific to each age. However, cardiologists only give a general number for each age to determine (see table above). When the child's blood pressure is higher than normal blood pressure, more monitoring is needed to get an accurate diagnosis of hypertension.

It is necessary to limit the amount of fried foods for children to prevent high blood pressure.

Prevention is the most important thing

Prevent hypertension for children by ensuring a balanced and scientific diet: the daily diet of the child needs to be calculated with an appropriate amount of nutrients. Children should be limited to foods high in sugar, grease, salty, fast foods, sugary drinks, processed foods, fast foods, and snacks. Along with that is increasing the diet high in fiber, fruits, vegetables ...

Enhancing physical activity: should direct children to participate in play, outdoor activities, exercise, encourage children to be active and love, be passionate about, practice certain sports to maintain body weight. reasonable. Time for physical activity of children about 60 minutes per day. Limit children sitting for too long in front of a computer screen, watching TV, playing games, ...

Reduce learning pressure for children: children can also be stressed when the study pressure is too great, psychological stress and fatigue from parents, friends, family ... This is also the cause of increased risk. risk of hypertension, in both adults and children.

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